Constitutional Law
Apr. 5, 2003
God's Presence in Pledge Is About History, Not Worship
Forum Column - By Susanna Dokupil - No provision in the Constitution says that a citizen must never be offended. With the privilege of free expression comes the obligation of tolerating exposure to dissenting ideas. Yet the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals seems to disagree when God is involved. A recent opinion, Newdow v. U.S. Congress , 292 F.3d 597 (2002), insulates atheist schoolchildren from even having to hear the words "under God" in the Pledge of Allegiance.




By Susanna Dokupil
No provision in the Constitution says that a citizen must never be offended. With the privilege of free expression comes the obligation of tolerating exposure to di...
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