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Technology,
Ethics/Professional Responsibility

Sep. 5, 2025

The Lincoln Restoration: How AI is returning lawyers to their counselor roots

As AI commoditizes the technical skills that have dominated legal education for over a century, lawyers are rediscovering what Abraham Lincoln always knew: clients seek wisdom only humans can provide.

James Mixon

Managing Attorney
California Court of Appeal, Second Appellate District

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The Lincoln Restoration: How AI is returning lawyers to their counselor roots
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Abraham Lincoln never heard the phrase "billable hour." When he died in 1865, lawyers were still primarily counselors. Five years later, Harvard Dean Christopher Columbus Langdell began the transformation that would emphasize legal analysis over client counseling -- a model that artificial intelligence is now fundamentally challenging.

Today, as AI commoditizes t...

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