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Nov. 20, 2025

Fake cases, real consequences: The Noland warning

The Noland decision delivered a sharp warning to lawyers: use generative AI at your own risk, because only human judgment -- not predictive tools -- can ensure competent, ethical legal work.

Jason E. Fellner

Partner
Fellner Law Group

Legal malpractice

University of San Francisco School of Law

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Keely Weiss

Associate
Fellner Law Group

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Fake cases, real consequences: The <i>Noland</i> warning
Shutterstock

On Sept.12, 2025, the California Court of Appeal published its decision in Noland v. Land of the Free, L.P., et al, 2025 WL 2629868 (Cal. Ct. App. 2025) that was, in its own words, "unremarkable." Yet, for lawyers, it was far from "unremarkable" as it was the first California Court of Appeal decision that rebuked and sanctioned the appellant's lawyer for using generative artificial intelligence in producing the appellate brief that cited cases that did not exist...

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